ʻO ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā mīkini magnet mau e pili pono i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā mea magnet mau loa. ʻO Kina ka ʻāina mua o ka honua i ʻike i nā waiwai magnetic o nā mea magnet mau loa a hoʻohana iā lākou i ka hana. Ma mua o 2,000 makahiki i hala aku nei, ua hoʻohana ʻo Kina i nā waiwai magnetic o nā mea magnet paʻa no ka hana ʻana i nā panana, kahi i hana nui i ka hoʻokele, ka pūʻali koa a me nā kahua ʻē aʻe, a lilo i hoʻokahi o nā mea nui ʻehā o Kina kahiko.
ʻO ka kaʻa mua ma ka honua, i ʻike ʻia i ka makahiki 1920, he ʻenekini paʻa paʻa i hoʻohana i nā magnet mau loa e hoʻoulu i nā māla magnetic excitation. Eia nō naʻe, ʻo ka mea magnetite mau i hoʻohana ʻia i kēlā manawa he magnetite maoli (Fe3O4), he haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa. ʻO ka nui o ka nui o ka mīkini i hana ʻia a ua hoʻololi koke ʻia e ka mīkini hoʻoulu uila.
Me ka hoʻomohala wikiwiki ʻana o nā kaʻa like ʻole a me ka ʻike ʻana o nā mea magnetizer i kēia manawa, ua hana ka poʻe i ka noiʻi hohonu e pili ana i ka mīkini, ka haku mele ʻana a me ka ʻenehana hana ʻana o nā mea magnetic mau, a ua loaʻa i nā ʻano mea like ʻole e like me ke kila kalapona, tungsten. kila (ʻoi aku ka nui o ka ikehu ikehu ma kahi o 2.7 kJ/m3), a me ke kila cobalt (ka huahana ikehu kiʻekiʻe ma kahi o 7.2 kJ/m3).
ʻO ka mea nui, ʻo ka hiʻohiʻona o ka alumini nickel cobalt mau mea mana mau i ka makahiki 1930 (hiki i ka huahana ikehu magnetic kiʻekiʻe ke hiki i 85 kJ/m3) a me nā magnet ferrite mau loa i nā makahiki 1950 (hiki i ka huahana magnetic kiʻekiʻe ke hiki i 40 kJ/m3) ua hoʻomaikaʻi maikaʻi loa i nā waiwai magnetic. , a ua hoʻomaka nā ʻokoʻa micro a me nā mīkini liʻiliʻi e hoʻohana i ka excitation magnet permanent. ʻumi kilowatts. Hoʻohana nui ʻia lākou i ka pūʻali koa, ʻoihana a me ka mahiʻai a me ke ola o kēlā me kēia lā, a ua piʻi nui kā lākou huahana.
Ma ke ʻano like, i loko o kēia manawa, ua hana ʻia nā holomua i ka manaʻo hoʻolālā, nā ʻano helu helu, ka magnetization a me ka ʻenehana hana o nā kaʻa magnet mau loa, e hana ana i kahi hoʻonohonoho o ka nānā ʻana a me nā ʻano noiʻi i hōʻike ʻia e ke ʻano hana diagram diagram permanent magnet. Eia naʻe, he haʻahaʻa (36-160 kA/m) ka ikaika hoʻoikaika o AlNiCo mau mākēneki mau loa (0.2-0.44 T), a ʻaʻole kiʻekiʻe (0.2-0.44 T), ka palena o kā lākou noi ma nā kaʻa.
ʻAʻole hiki i nā makahiki 1960 a me 1980 ka puka ʻana mai o nā magnet permanent cobalt earth a me neodymium iron boron permanent magnets (i kapa ʻia ʻo ka rare earth permanent permanent magnets) i puka mai kēlā me kēia. ʻO kā lākou mau waiwai magnetic maikaʻi loa o ke kiʻekiʻe magnetic remanent, ka ikaika coercive kiʻekiʻe, ka huahana ikehu kiʻekiʻe a me ka curve linear demagnetization kūpono loa no ka hana ʻana i nā kaʻa, no laila e hoʻomaka ai i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā kaʻa magnet mau loa i kahi wā mōʻaukala hou.
1.Permanent mea magnetic
ʻO nā mea magnet paʻa mau i hoʻohana pinepine ʻia i nā kaʻa me nā magnet sintered a me nā magnet i hoʻopaʻa ʻia, ʻo nā ʻano nui he alumini nickel cobalt, ferrite, samarium cobalt, neodymium iron boron, etc.
ʻO Alnico: ʻO Alnico nā mea magnet paʻa mau loa kekahi o nā mea hoʻohana paʻa mau loa i hoʻohana nui ʻia, a ʻo kāna kaʻina hoʻomākaukau a me ka ʻenehana he ʻano makua.
Ferrite mau: I ka makahiki 1950, ua hoʻomaka ka ferrite e ulu, ʻoi aku i ka 1970s, i ka wā i hoʻokomo ʻia ai ka strontium ferrite me ka coercivity maikaʻi a me ka hana ikehu magnetic i ka hana nui, e hoʻonui wikiwiki ana i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ferrite mau loa. E like me ka non-metallic magnetic mea, ferrite ʻaʻole i nā hemahema o ka maʻalahi oxidation, haʻahaʻa Curie mahana a me ke kumu kūʻai kiʻekiʻe o nā mea metala mau loa, no laila kaulana loa ia.
ʻO Samarium cobalt: He mea hoʻoheheʻe mau loa me nā waiwai magnetic maikaʻi loa i puka mai ma waena o nā makahiki 1960 a paʻa loa ka hana. He kūpono loa ka Samarium cobalt no ka hana ʻana i nā motika ma ke ʻano o nā waiwai magnetic, akā ma muli o ke kumukūʻai kiʻekiʻe, ua hoʻohana nui ʻia i ka noiʻi a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā kaʻa kaua e like me ka mokulele, aerospace, a me nā mea kaua, a me nā motika i nā kula kiʻekiʻe. ʻO ka hana kiʻekiʻe a me ke kumukūʻai ʻaʻole ia ke kumu nui.
NdFeB: NdFeB mea hoʻoheheʻe ʻia he huila o neodymium, iron oxide, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe, ʻike ʻia hoʻi he kila magnetic. Loaʻa iā ia ka huahana ikehu magnetic kiʻekiʻe a me ka ikaika koi. I ka manawa like, ʻo nā mea maikaʻi o ka ikehu kiʻekiʻe e hoʻohana nui ʻia ka NdFeB mau mea hoʻohana i ka ʻenehana hou a me ka ʻenehana uila, e hiki ai ke miniaturize, māmā a lahilahi nā mea hana e like me nā mea kani, nā mīkini electroacoustic, ka hoʻokaʻawale magnetic a me ka magnetization. No ka mea he nui ka neodymium a me ka hao, ua maʻalahi ka ʻōpala. ʻO ka passivation chemical surface kekahi o nā hopena maikaʻi loa i kēia manawa.
ʻO ka pale ʻana i ka corrosion, ka wela hana kiʻekiʻe, ka hana ʻana i ka hana, ke ʻano demagnetization curve,
a me ka hoʻohālikelike kumukūʻai o nā mea magnet mau loa i hoʻohana mau ʻia no nā kaʻa (Figure)
2.ʻO ka mana o ke ʻano kila magnetic a me ka hoʻomanawanui i ka hana kaʻa
1. Ka hopena o ka mānoanoa kila kila
Ke hoʻopaʻa ʻia ke kaʻapuni magnetic i loko a i waho paha, e emi ana ka ea a hoʻonui ʻia ka flux magnetic kūpono ke piʻi ka mānoanoa. ʻO ka hōʻike ʻike ʻia ʻo ia ka emi ʻana o ka wikiwiki ʻole a me ka emi ʻana o ka manawa no ka ukana ma lalo o ke koena magnetism like, a piʻi ka ʻoi loa o ka pono o ka kaʻa. Eia nō naʻe, aia kekahi mau pōʻino, e like me ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka haʻalulu commutation o ke kaʻa a me ka pihi ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke kaʻa. No laila, ʻo ka mānoanoa o ke kila magnetic kaʻa e like me ka mea hiki ke hōʻemi i ka haʻalulu.
2.Influence o ka laula kila magnetic
No nā mākēneki kaʻa kaʻa ʻole kokoke loa, ʻaʻole hiki ke ʻoi aku ka nui o ka āwaha kumulative ma mua o 0.5 mm. Inā liʻiliʻi loa ia, ʻaʻole e hoʻokomo ʻia. Inā nui loa, e haʻalulu ke kaʻa a hoʻemi i ka pono. ʻO kēia no ka mea ʻaʻole kūpono ke kūlana o ka mea Hall e ana i ke kūlana o ka magnet i ke kūlana maoli o ka magnet, a pono e kūlike ka laulā, inā ʻaʻole e haʻahaʻa ka mīkini a me ka haʻalulu nui.
No nā mīkini palaki, aia kekahi ʻokoʻa ma waena o nā magnet, i mālama ʻia no ka ʻāpana hoʻololi mechanical commutation. ʻOiai aia kahi āpau, ʻo ka hapa nui o nā mea hana i nā kaʻina hana hoʻonohonoho magnet e hōʻoia i ka pololei o ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana i mea e hōʻoia ai i ke kūlana hoʻonohonoho pono o ka magnet motor. Inā ʻoi aku ka laulā o ka magnet, ʻaʻole ia e kau ʻia; inā liʻiliʻi ka laula o ka magnet, e hoʻoneʻe ʻia ka magnet, e ʻoi aku ka haʻalulu o ke kaʻa, a e hoʻemi ʻia ka pono.
3. ʻO ka mana o ka nui o ka chamfer kila kila a me ka chamferʻole
Inā ʻaʻole i hana ʻia ka chamfer, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka māla ma ka ʻaoʻao o ke kahua magnetic o ke kaʻa, e hoʻomaka ana ka puʻupuʻu o ke kaʻa. ʻO ka nui o ka chamfer, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka haʻalulu. Eia nō naʻe, ʻo ka chamfering ka mea maʻamau ke kumu i kekahi poho o ka flux magnetic. No kekahi mau kikoʻī, ʻo ka nalowale o ka flux magnetic he 0.5 ~ 1.5% ke 0.8 ka chamfer. No nā kaʻa kaʻa i hoʻopaʻa ʻia me ka magnetism koena haʻahaʻa, ʻo ka hoʻemi kūpono ʻana i ka nui o ka chamfer e kōkua i ka uku ʻana i ke koena magnetism, akā e piʻi aʻe ka puʻupuʻu o ke kaʻa. ʻO ka ʻōlelo maʻamau, i ka haʻahaʻa ʻana o ke koena magnetism, hiki ke hoʻonui ʻia ka hoʻomanawanui ma ka ʻaoʻao lōʻihi, hiki ke hoʻonui i ka flux magnetic kūpono i kekahi ʻano a mālama ʻole i ka hana o ka kaʻa.
3.Notes ma nā motika magnet mau loa
1. Hoʻolālā kaapuni mākēneki a me ka helu hoʻolālā
No ka hāʻawi ʻana i ka pāʻani piha i nā waiwai magnetic o nā mea magnet paʻa mau, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o nā waiwai magnetic o nā mea magnet mau loa, a me ka hana ʻana i nā ʻenekini paʻa mau loa, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻohana wale i ke ʻano a me ka hoʻolālā ʻana i nā ʻano hana helu. nā motika magnet mau loa a i ʻole nā mīkini hoʻoulu electromagnetic. Pono e hoʻokumu i nā manaʻo hoʻolālā hou e nānā hou a hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hoʻolālā kaapuni magnetic. Me ka hoʻomohala wikiwiki ʻana o ka ʻenehana kamepiula a me ka ʻenehana polokalamu, a me ka hoʻomaikaʻi mau ʻana i nā ʻano hana hoʻolālā hou e like me ka helu helu helu electromagnetic field, ka hoʻolālā optimization a me ka ʻenehana simulation, a ma o ka hoʻoikaika pū ʻana o nā kaiāulu hoʻonaʻauao a me nā ʻenekinia, ua loaʻa nā holomua. i hana ʻia i loko o ka manaʻo hoʻolālā, nā ʻano helu helu, nā kaʻina hana a me nā ʻenehana hoʻokele o nā kaʻa magnet mau loa, e hana ana i kahi hoʻonohonoho piha o ka nānā ʻana a me nā ʻano noiʻi a me ka loiloi kōkua kamepiula a me nā polokalamu hoʻolālā e hui pū ai i ka electromagnetic. helu helu kahua a me ka hopena analytical circuit circuit like, a ke hoʻomaikaʻi mau ʻia nei.
2. Pilikia demagnetization hiki ʻole ke hoʻololi
Inā kūpono ʻole ka hoʻolālā ʻana a i ʻole ka hoʻohana ʻana, hiki i ka motor magnet mau ke hana i ka demagnetization hiki ʻole ke hoʻololi ʻia, a i ʻole demagnetization, ke kiʻekiʻe loa ka mahana (NdFeB permanent magnet) a i ʻole haʻahaʻa loa (ferrite permanent magnet), ma lalo o ka hopena armature i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka hopena o kēia manawa, a i ʻole ma lalo o ka haʻalulu mechanical koʻikoʻi, e hōʻemi i ka hana o ka kaʻa a hiki ke hoʻohana ʻole ʻia. No laila, pono e aʻo a hoʻomohala i nā ʻano hana a me nā mea hana i kūpono i nā mea hana kaʻa e nānā i ke kūpaʻa wela o nā mea magnet mau loa, a me ka nānā ʻana i nā mana anti-demagnetization o nā ʻano hana like ʻole, i hiki ke lawe ʻia nā ana kūpono i ka wā o ka hoʻolālā a me ka hana ʻana. e hōʻoiaʻiʻo ʻaʻole e nalowale ke kaʻa magnet mau loa.
3. ʻO nā kumu kūʻai
No ka mea, ʻoi aku ka nui o ke kumukūʻai o nā mīkini paʻa paʻa honua, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ke kumukūʻai o nā ʻenekini hoʻonaninani uila, pono e uku ʻia e kāna hana kiʻekiʻe a me ka mālama ʻana i nā kumukūʻai hana. I kekahi mau manawa, e like me ka leo coil motors no ka lolouila disk drive, ka hoʻohana 'ana i ka NdFeB mau magnets hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hana, nui hoemi i ka leo a me ka nuipa, a hoemi i ka huina koina. I ka hoʻolālā ʻana, pono e hoʻohālikelike i ka hana a me ke kumukūʻai e pili ana i nā manawa hoʻohana kūikawā a me nā koi, a e hoʻomohala i nā kaʻina hana a hoʻolālā i nā hoʻolālā e hōʻemi i nā kumukūʻai.
Anhui Mingteng Permanent Magnet Electromechanical Equipment Co., Ltd. (https://www.mingtengmotor.com/). ʻAʻole ʻoi aku ka nui o ka demagnetization o ke kila kila magnetic mau ma mua o hoʻokahi kaukani i kēlā me kēia makahiki.
ʻO ka mea paʻa mau loa o ka rotor kaʻa mau loa o kā mākou hui e hoʻohana i ka huahana ikehu kiʻekiʻe a me ka kiʻekiʻe intrinsic coercivity sintered NdFeB, a ʻo nā māka maʻamau ʻo N38SH, N38UH, N40UH, N42UH, etc. , e like me ka laʻana: 38- hōʻike i ka huahana ikehu magnetic kiʻekiʻe o 38MGOe; Hōʻike ʻo SH i ka pale wela kiʻekiʻe o 150 ℃. He 180 ℃ ka palena wela o ka UH. Ua hoʻolālā ka hui i nā mea hana loea a alakaʻi i nā mea hana no ka hui kila magnetic, a nānā pono i ka polarity o ke kila magnetic i hui pū ʻia me nā ʻano kūpono, no laila ua kokoke ke kumukūʻai magnetic flux o kēlā me kēia slot magnetic steel, e hōʻoiaʻiʻo ana i ka symmetry o ka magnetic. kaapuni a me ka maikaʻi o ka hui kila magnetic.
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